Type II Diabetes

Glucose

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels, which result from defects in insulin secretion, or action, or both. Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes (and in this article will be referred to as "diabetes"), was first identified as a disease associated with ?sweet urine," and excessive muscle loss in the ancient world. Elevated levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia) lead to spillage of glucose into the urine, hence the term sweet urine. Normally, blood glucose levels are tightly controlled by insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas. Insulin lowers the blood glucose level. When the blood glucose elevates (for example, after eating food), insulin is released from the pancreas to normalize the glucose level. In patients with diabetes, the absence or insufficient production of insulin causes hyperglycemia. Diabetes is a chronic medical condition, meaning although it can be controlled, it lasts a lifetime.

Because your body isn’t getting the food it needs. With diabetes, your body can’t absorb the sugar because it doesn’t produce the insulin needed for this. As a result, your body is starving and therefore will start breaking down fat for energy. Ketones is a by product of this and that’s why it’s found in your blood stream. This is another reason why your body becomes acidic and you smell that fruity smell.

My daughter (13 years) who is diabetic since last 3 and a half months takes only 4 units of levemir insulin per day, doctors say that she may be going through honeymoon period. How long it can lost or is there some hope….?

It depends on the person. I’ve been diabetic for 28 yrs my honeymoon period lasted almost 2-yrs. Unfortunatley… I think when you ask if there is hope that you mean she doesn’t really have diabetes….She does I was hoping the doctors were wrong too. Good news is that there has been some really great advances in treatments and regulating blood sugar levels. Make sure she tests her glucose often to keep her levels in a normal range. I test 6 times a day. It’s is difficult sometimes…but in the long run she will be healthier. Give her a lot of encouragement…. teenage years are difficult enough but even harder when you’re trying to deal with managing diabetes. I’m hoping a cure is close. I am positive that she will beneifit from all the research done and that a cure will be developed within the next few years!

i would like to know the effect that extra fat has on the metabolism of glucose.

Because the extra fat is pushing on the pancreas making it hard to work, so you become resistant to the insulin. Then the insulin isn’t there to lower your sugar so it gets all outa whack.

Is it increasing or decreasing in the world?
Is it increasing or decreasing in developed countries?

Diabetes mellitus is increasing all over the world,type 2 more as the cause of it is generally idiopathic and more so in the developed countries.one cause for this is thought the lack of nutritional stress in the lives of most people due to the change in lifestyle. the incidence is also higher nowadays as the longetivity is increased and DM is incurable(only palliative medicine is available).
a particular group of factors in the body,proteins and transcription factors(ppr gamma) are thought to be responsible for managing nutritional stress in the organisms. this in,our case has been rendered redundant too fast and has consequentially created havoc in the body as the body is not evolutionarily ready to accept the sudden change of lifestyle. this is considered as one of the major causes for the widespread dying out of the native red indians in US,one of the major causes has been found to be DM.
But in terms of cause the reasosns cannot be narrowed thus.DM is precipitated by many factors one of which maybe as stated above,

Where are PG courses in Diabetology available for doctors to train themselves in Diabetes Mellitus management?

Some fellowship courses are available in Chennai, India exposing medical graduates to diabetology.Also, M.Sc (Diabetes Sciences) a 3 yr. course with eligibility B.Sc in any branch including B.Sc Nursing is offered by the Health Care Campus of Amrita Instt. of Medical Sciences, P.O:-Elamakkara, KOCHI- 682026(Kerala) India.You can write to the Principal, Medical College in the already mentioned address or E-mail to medicalcollege@aims.amrita.edu .You may specifically enquire regarding Fellowship in endocrinology and Diabetes, which is open only to medical degree holders. You may visit their website www.aimshospital.org

IS THIS TRUE OR FALSE?

True.

The word "diabetes" means "to pass" (as in "to pass urine," so we ue it to mean it causes you to pee alot).

The first symptoms of diabetes mellitus is polydypsia (drink a lot), polyuria (pee a lot), and polyphagia (eat a lot). Of course doctors wouldn’t be as highly paid if they said things like "patient eats, drink and pees a lot," so instead we say "patient presents with polydypsia, polyuria, and polyphagia."

And anytime you have polydypsia (pee a lot), you have a higher chance of being dehydrated. Especially in Diabetes Insipidus.

Now go do your homework!

You should understand the difference between diabetes mellitus (what we mean when we say "he’s diabetic") Type I (Juvenile Diabetes, autoimmune, insulin producing cells are destroyed) and Type II (adult-onset diabetes, insulin-independent, its mostly due to loss of insulin receptors, mostly due to overeating, obesity, bad diet, and lack of exercise), and Diabetes Insipidus (lots of pee, usually due to lack of ADH (the thing you release to not go pee), due to inherited disease).

So know the different types of diabetes.
And what does this insulin thing do?
Where is insulin released from, and when does the body release it?
What is a receptor?
And what happens when insulin meets (bind to) its receptor?

When you start "getting" concepts in medicine like receptors, up and down regulation, and feedback mechanisms, understanding diseases and drugs becomes really easy.

I thought of adding atrovent, its an exam question, glucocorticoids are contraindicated, can someone just mention the possible combinations of the various groups available, condition of pation is medium not severe.

aminophylline could be taken safely and aerosol of salmetrol could be used

diabetes management

Duration : 0:7:54

diabetes management

Duration : 0:7:54